🗺 State & UT profiles
Jammu and Kashmir
🗺 Geography
⛰ Land and rivers
Physiographic divisions: Northern and North-eastern Mountains (part of the state)
Mountains & hills: The Himalayas (part of the state)
Rivers: Jhelum, Chenab (Chandrabhaga)
⚠ Natural hazards
- Earthquakes — Most vulnerable (named by NCERT)
- Landslides — High vulnerability
🌿 Protected areas and natural heritage
Ramsar wetlands (5): Wular Lake, Hokera Wetland, Surinsar-Mansar Lakes, Shallbugh Wetland Conservation Reserve, Hygam Wetland Conservation Reserve
🏭 Resources and economy
NCERT does not name this state for a crop, mineral, industry or major port.
📜 History
👑 Who held this land
Kingdoms, empires and cultures whose territory, as drawn on our map, covered a large part of today’s Jammu and Kashmir, or that were based here. Extents are approximate, so treat this as a guide to who held the region — not as exact borders.
📅 Events in Jammu and Kashmir
- c. 3,000 BCE Neolithic pit-dwellings at Burzahom · Burzahom
- 326 BCE ★ Battle of the Hydaspes · Jhelum river
- c. 150 BCE Menander's reign; Milindapanha dialogues · Sagala
- c. 740 CE Lalitaditya's Martand Sun Temple · Martand
- 1148 Kalhana begins the Rajatarangini · Kashmir
- 1541 Rohtas Fort begun by Sher Shah · Rohtas
- 1586 Mughals annex Kashmir · Srinagar
- 1947 First Kashmir war · Srinagar
- 2019 Article 370 revoked · Srinagar
🏛 Historic places
🎨 People and culture
👥 2011 Census
- Population
- 12,548,926
- Share of India’s population (%)
- 1.04
- Density (per sq km)
- 124
- Decadal growth 2001–11 (%)
- 23.71
- Urban population (%)
- 27.21
- Work participation rate (%)
- 34.5
Figure for the state or UT as it was in 2011, shared with: Ladakh.
Geography: features are those on our Geography map that cover a good part of the state (or that NCERT places in it); hazards, reserves, crops, minerals, industries and ports are where NCERT, UNESCO or the Ramsar list name or place them. Census figures are for 2011, as NCERT prints them.
How this is made: nothing here is new — it is YugMap’s own map data sorted by today’s states. A kingdom is listed if its territory on our map covered at least 40% of the state at some point, or if its centre or capital lies here; events and places are listed where their map point falls inside the state. State outlines follow India’s official map.