Polities
Civilizations, janapadas, republics, kingdoms, empires, sultanates and colonial powers — 237 matches.
| Name | Type | Span | Region | Capital | Rulers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaulukyas (Solankis) of Gujarat | Dynasty | c. 940 CE – 1244 | West | Anahilapataka (Patan) | 4 |
| Western Chalukyas of Kalyani | Empire | c. 973 CE – c. 1189 | Deccan | Kalyani | 3 |
| Ghaznavid Empire ★ | Empire | c. 977 CE – c. 1186 | Northwest | Ghazni, later Lahore | 4 |
| Lohara Dynasty of Kashmir | Dynasty | c. 1003 – c. 1171 | North | Srinagar | |
| Hoysala Empire | Empire | c. 1026 – 1343 | South | Dorasamudra (Halebidu) | 3 |
| Soomra Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1026 – 1351 | Northwest | Thatta region | |
| Polonnaruwa Kingdom ★ | Kingdom | c. 1070 – 1232 | Sri Lanka | Polonnaruwa | 3 |
| Sena Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1070 – 1230 | East | Nabadwip / Lakhnauti | 3 |
| Eastern Ganga Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1078 – 1434 | East | Kalinganagara / Cuttack | 2 |
| Gahadavala Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1089 – c. 1197 | Gangetic Plain | Kannauj / Varanasi | 2 |
| Khasa Malla Kingdom | Kingdom | c. 1100 – c. 1400 | Himalaya | Sinja | |
| Kingdom of Cochin | Kingdom | c. 1102 – 1949 | South | Kochi / Thrissur | |
| Manipur Kingdom | Kingdom | c. 1110 – 1949 | Northeast | Kangla (Imphal) | |
| Zamorins of Calicut | Kingdom | c. 1124 – 1766 | South | Kozhikode | 1 |
| Kachwahas of Amber (Jaipur) | Dynasty | c. 1128 – 1949 | West | Amber, later Jaipur | 2 |
| Sultanate of the Maldives ★ | Sultanate | c. 1153 – 1968 | Islands | Malé | 2 |
| Kalachuris of Kalyani | Dynasty | c. 1156 – c. 1181 | Deccan | Kalyani | |
| Kakatiya Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1163 – 1323 | Deccan | Orugallu (Warangal) | 3 |
| Ghurid Empire | Empire | c. 1175 – 1206 | Northwest | Firozkoh / Ghazni | 2 |
| Chutia Kingdom | Kingdom | c. 1187 – 1524 | Northeast | Sadiya | |
| Seuna (Yadava) Dynasty | Dynasty | c. 1187 – 1317 | Deccan | Devagiri | 3 |
| Pandya Empire (Second Empire) | Empire | c. 1190 – 1345 | South | Madurai | |
| Malla Dynasty of Nepal ★ | Kingdom | 1201 – 1769 | Himalaya | Kathmandu, Patan, Bhaktapur | 2 |
| Delhi Sultanate ★ | Sultanate | 1206 – 1526 | North | Delhi | |
|
Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty ↳ phase of Delhi Sultanate |
Dynasty | 1206 – 1290 | North | Delhi | 6 |
| Jaffna Kingdom | Kingdom | c. 1215 – 1619 | Sri Lanka | Nallur | 1 |
| Dambadeniya Kingdom | Kingdom | c. 1220 – 1345 | Sri Lanka | Dambadeniya / Yapahuwa | 1 |
| Marwar (Rathore) | Kingdom | c. 1226 – 1949 | West | Mandore, later Jodhpur | 3 |
| Ahom Kingdom ★ | Kingdom | 1228 – 1826 | Northeast | Charaideo, later Garhgaon / Rangpur | 7 |
| Vaghela Dynasty | Dynasty | 1244 – 1304 | West | Dholka / Patan | |
|
Khalji Dynasty ↳ phase of Delhi Sultanate |
Dynasty | 1290 – 1320 | North | Delhi | 2 |
|
Tughlaq Dynasty ↳ phase of Delhi Sultanate |
Dynasty | 1320 – 1414 | North | Delhi | 4 |
| Reddy Kingdom | Kingdom | 1325 – 1448 | Deccan | Kondavidu / Rajahmundry | |
| Mewar (Sisodia) ★ | Kingdom | 1326 – 1949 | West | Chittorgarh, later Udaipur | 5 |
| Madurai Sultanate | Sultanate | 1335 – 1378 | South | Madurai | |
|
Sangama Dynasty ↳ phase of Vijayanagara Empire |
Dynasty | 1336 – 1485 | South | 4 | |
| Vijayanagara Empire ★ | Empire | 1336 – 1646 | South | Vijayanagara (Hampi), later Penukonda / Chandragiri | |
| Kashmir Sultanate | Sultanate | 1339 – 1586 | North | Srinagar | 2 |
| Gampola Kingdom | Kingdom | 1341 – 1412 | Sri Lanka | Gampola | |
| Bahmani Sultanate ★ | Sultanate | 1347 – 1527 | Deccan | Gulbarga, later Bidar | 4 |
| Samma Dynasty | Dynasty | 1351 – 1524 | Northwest | Thatta | |
| Bengal Sultanate | Sultanate | 1352 – 1576 | East | Pandua / Gaur | 2 |
| Timurid Empire (Herat) | Empire | 1370 – 1507 | Northwest | Samarkand, later Herat | 3 |
| Khandesh Sultanate (Faruqi) | Sultanate | 1382 – 1601 | Deccan | Burhanpur | |
| Malwa Sultanate | Sultanate | 1392 – 1562 | Central | Mandu | 3 |
| Jaunpur (Sharqi) Sultanate | Sultanate | 1394 – 1479 | Gangetic Plain | Jaunpur | 1 |
| Kingdom of Mysore ★ | Kingdom | 1399 – 1950 | South | Mysore / Srirangapatna | 5 |
| Chaubisi & Baisi Principalities | Chiefdoms | c. 1400 – 1786 | Himalaya | ||
| Tripura (Manikya) | Kingdom | c. 1400 – 1949 | Northeast | Udaipur, later Agartala | |
| Gujarat Sultanate | Sultanate | 1407 – 1573 | West | Ahmedabad | 3 |