Primary source / classic
A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar
Includes translations of the Portuguese travellers Paes and Nuniz on Vijayanagara.
Sangama Dynasty
Dynasty
Level 3
Dynastic phase
1336 – 1485
Founders Harihara I and Bukka Raya I; Deva Raya II.
- Region
- South
- Duration
- 149 years
- Main period
- Vijayanagara Empire
- Part of
- Vijayanagara Empire
At a glance
Move along the chart to read any year; click a ruler or event to open the map there.
Rulers
- Harihara I Raya1336 – 1356
- Bukka Raya I Raya1356 – 1377
- Harihara II Raya1377 – 1404
- Deva Raya II Raya1424 – 1446Visited by Abdur Razzaq.
Selected rulers; gaps in the list are not gaps in the dynasty.
Key events
| Year | Event | Place |
|---|---|---|
| 1336 | Vijayanagara founded By Harihara I and Bukka Raya I. |
Hampi |
| 1378 | Vijayanagara annexes the Madurai Sultanate Kumara Kampana's campaign ended the Madurai Sultanate. |
Madurai |
| 1420 | Nicolò de' Conti visits Vijayanagara | Hampi |
| 1443 | Abdur Razzaq's embassy to Vijayanagara | Hampi |
Personalities
Vidyaranya
active c. 1340
Sage traditionally linked to the founding of Vijayanagara
Nicolò de' Conti
1395 – 1469
Venetian merchant who visited Vijayanagara around 1420
Annamacharya
c. 1408 – c. 1503
Telugu composer of devotional songs to Venkateswara
Abdur Razzaq
1413 – 1482
Persian envoy who described Vijayanagara under Deva Raya II
📚 Recommended reading on the Sangama Dynasty
Textbook
Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12)
Source-based chapters on Harappa, Vijayanagara, the Mughal court and 1857 — essential for UPSC.
Textbook
History of Medieval India
The go-to single volume on the Sultanate, Mughals and regional kingdoms.
Reference
A History of South India
The classic survey of the south, from prehistory to the fall of Vijayanagara.
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Contemporaries
Powers that coexisted with the Sangama Dynasty for a significant part of its history. The bar shows when, within its own span.
Sultanate of the Maldives ★
Islands · c. 1153 – 1968
Overlap: 149 years
Malla Dynasty of Nepal ★
Himalaya · 1201 – 1769
Overlap: 149 years
Delhi Sultanate ★
North · 1206 – 1526
Overlap: 149 years
Ahom Kingdom ★
Northeast · 1228 – 1826
Overlap: 149 years
Mewar (Sisodia) ★
West · 1326 – 1949
Overlap: 149 years
Vijayanagara Empire ★
South · 1336 – 1646
Overlap: 149 years
Bahmani Sultanate ★
Deccan · 1347 – 1527
Overlap: 138 years
Kingdom of Mysore ★
South · 1399 – 1950
Overlap: 86 years
Eastern Ganga Dynasty
East · c. 1078 – 1434
Overlap: 98 years
Khasa Malla Kingdom
Himalaya · c. 1100 – c. 1400
Overlap: 64 years
Zamorins of Calicut
South · c. 1124 – 1766
Overlap: 149 years
Kachwahas of Amber (Jaipur)
West · c. 1128 – 1949
Overlap: 149 years
Jaffna Kingdom
Sri Lanka · c. 1215 – 1619
Overlap: 149 years
Marwar (Rathore)
West · c. 1226 – 1949
Overlap: 149 years
Madurai Sultanate
South · 1335 – 1378
Overlap: 42 years
Kashmir Sultanate
North · 1339 – 1586
Overlap: 146 years
Samma Dynasty
Northwest · 1351 – 1524
Overlap: 134 years
Bengal Sultanate
East · 1352 – 1576
Overlap: 133 years
Timurid Empire (Herat)
Northwest · 1370 – 1507
Overlap: 115 years
Malwa Sultanate
Central · 1392 – 1562
Overlap: 93 years
Jaunpur (Sharqi) Sultanate
Gangetic Plain · 1394 – 1479
Overlap: 85 years
Gujarat Sultanate
West · 1407 – 1573
Overlap: 78 years
Kingdom of Kotte
Sri Lanka · 1412 – 1597
Overlap: 73 years
Gajapati Kingdom
East · 1434 – 1541
Overlap: 51 years