🌏 India and the World

Five thousand years of links

Trade with Mesopotamia and Rome, Buddhism’s journey across Asia, travellers from China, Morocco and France, colonial rule, and India’s relations since independence — every link from an NCERT chapter. Click a country on the map.

Maps show India’s boundaries as officially depicted by the Government of India. Country shapes are today’s, for orientation only.

India and Iran (Persia)

  1. Mid-first millennium BCE☸ Religion & ideas

    An age of great thinkers

    The same age saw Zarathustra in Iran, Kong Zi (Confucius) in China, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle in Greece, and Mahavira and the Buddha in India.

  2. c. first century CE🚢 Trade

    Gold coins like Rome's and Persia's

    Kushana gold coins were close in weight to those of the Roman emperors and the Parthian rulers of Iran.

  3. Indo-Islamic period🎨 Art & culture

    Persian and Turkish influences in building

    Indo-Islamic buildings show Saracenic, Persian and Turkish influences, yet were heavily shaped by Indian architectural and decorative forms.

How we check: each link is written from a passage in the linked NCERT chapter (one from the Government of Puducherry’s page), and our build fails unless key phrases from that passage are found in the chapter’s own text. Where sources differ on a date, only what they agree on is given.