🌏 India and the World
Five thousand years of links
Trade with Mesopotamia and Rome, Buddhism’s journey across Asia, travellers from China, Morocco and France, colonial rule, and India’s relations since independence — every link from an NCERT chapter. Click a country on the map.
Maps show India’s boundaries as officially depicted by the Government of India. Country shapes are today’s, for orientation only.
India and Mesopotamia and the Gulf
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Harappan times🚢 Trade
Meluhha, Dilmun and Magan
Mesopotamian texts mention contact with Dilmun (probably Bahrain), Magan and Meluhha — possibly the Harappan region; weights found in Dilmun followed the Harappan standard.
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From the sixth century BCE🚢 Trade
Routes across land and sea
Land and river routes crossed the subcontinent and ran overland into Central Asia and beyond, and by sea across the Arabian Sea to East and North Africa and West Asia.
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Fourteenth century🚢 Trade
Indian goods in demand abroad
Ibn Battuta noted that Indian manufactures were in great demand in West Asia and Southeast Asia; ikat weaving patterns were adopted in Southeast Asia too.
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How we check: each link is written from a passage in the linked NCERT chapter (one from the Government of Puducherry’s page), and our build fails unless key phrases from that passage are found in the chapter’s own text. Where sources differ on a date, only what they agree on is given.