🌏 India and the World
Five thousand years of links
Trade with Mesopotamia and Rome, Buddhism’s journey across Asia, travellers from China, Morocco and France, colonial rule, and India’s relations since independence — every link from an NCERT chapter. Click a country on the map.
Maps show India’s boundaries as officially depicted by the Government of India. Country shapes are today’s, for orientation only.
India and China
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Mid-first millennium BCE☸ Religion & ideas
An age of great thinkers
The same age saw Zarathustra in Iran, Kong Zi (Confucius) in China, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle in Greece, and Mahavira and the Buddha in India.
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Kushana period👑 Rulers & empires
“Son of god”
Many Kushana rulers took the title devaputra, ‘son of god’ — possibly inspired by Chinese rulers who called themselves sons of heaven.
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Over the centuries☸ Religion & ideas
Buddhism travels
The Buddha's message spread through Central Asia to China, Korea and Japan, and through Sri Lanka across the seas to Myanmar, Thailand and Indonesia.
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c. 5th and 7th centuries🧭 Travellers
Fa Xian and Xuan Zang
As Buddhism spread to East Asia, pilgrims such as Fa Xian and Xuan Zang travelled all the way from China to India in search of texts.
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1954🤝 Treaties & diplomacy
Panchsheel
India and China signed the Panchsheel agreement in 1954; through it India accepted China's claim over Tibet.
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1962⚔ Wars & conflicts
Border conflict with China
India and China fought a border conflict in 1962 over competing claims, mainly in Arunachal Pradesh and the Aksai Chin region of Ladakh.
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How we check: each link is written from a passage in the linked NCERT chapter (one from the Government of Puducherry’s page), and our build fails unless key phrases from that passage are found in the chapter’s own text. Where sources differ on a date, only what they agree on is given.