🌏 India and the World
Five thousand years of links
Trade with Mesopotamia and Rome, Buddhism’s journey across Asia, travellers from China, Morocco and France, colonial rule, and India’s relations since independence — every link from an NCERT chapter. Click a country on the map.
Maps show India’s boundaries as officially depicted by the Government of India. Country shapes are today’s, for orientation only.
India and Central Asia
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From the sixth century BCE🚢 Trade
Routes across land and sea
Land and river routes crossed the subcontinent and ran overland into Central Asia and beyond, and by sea across the Arabian Sea to East and North Africa and West Asia.
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c. first century BCE – first century CE👑 Rulers & empires
Shakas and Kushanas
The Shakas, a people of Central Asian origin, set up kingdoms in the northwest and west; the Kushanas ruled a vast kingdom from Central Asia to northwest India.
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Eleventh century🧭 Travellers
Al-Biruni from Uzbekistan
Al-Biruni, born in Khwarizm in present-day Uzbekistan, wrote the Kitab-ul-Hind about the subcontinent.
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How we check: each link is written from a passage in the linked NCERT chapter (one from the Government of Puducherry’s page), and our build fails unless key phrases from that passage are found in the chapter’s own text. Where sources differ on a date, only what they agree on is given.