Primary source / classic
A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar
Includes translations of the Portuguese travellers Paes and Nuniz on Vijayanagara.
Tuluva Dynasty
Dynasty
Level 3
Dynastic phase
1505 – 1570
Krishnadevaraya's golden age; defeat at Talikota in 1565.
- Region
- South
- Duration
- 65 years
- Main period
- Vijayanagara Empire
- Part of
- Vijayanagara Empire
At a glance
Move along the chart to read any year; click a ruler or event to open the map there.
Rulers
- Vira Narasimha Raya Raya1505 – 1509
- Krishnadevaraya Raya1509 – 1529Golden age; Amuktamalyada; Ashtadiggajas.
- Achyuta Deva Raya Raya1529 – 1542
- Sadasiva Raya Raya1542 – 1570Rama Raya held real power; defeat at Talikota 1565.
Selected rulers; gaps in the list are not gaps in the dynasty.
Key events
| Year | Event | Place |
|---|---|---|
| 1509 | Krishnadevaraya's accession | Hampi |
| 1520 | Krishnadevaraya takes Raichur Vijayanagara won the Raichur doab from Bijapur. |
Raichur |
| 1565 | Battle of Talikota Deccan Sultanates defeat Vijayanagara; Hampi sacked. Vijayanagara's army was routed and its capital Hampi was sacked. |
Talikota |
Personalities
Purandara Dasa
c. 1484 – c. 1564
Called the 'father of Carnatic music'
Domingo Paes
active c. 1520
Portuguese traveller who described Krishnadevaraya's capital
Tenali Ramakrishna
active c. 1520
Telugu poet famed for his wit at Krishnadevaraya's court
Allasani Peddana
active c. 1520
Called 'Andhra Kavita Pitamaha', chief of the Ashtadiggajas
📚 Recommended reading on the Tuluva Dynasty
Textbook
Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12)
Source-based chapters on Harappa, Vijayanagara, the Mughal court and 1857 — essential for UPSC.
Textbook
History of Medieval India
The go-to single volume on the Sultanate, Mughals and regional kingdoms.
Reference
A History of South India
The classic survey of the south, from prehistory to the fall of Vijayanagara.
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📄 Research papers
Paper🏛 Library access
Inscribing the Other, Inscribing the Self: Hindu-Muslim Identities in Pre-Colonial India
Uses Andhra inscriptions to show how identities were described in the Kakatiya and Sultanate era.
Paper🏛 Library access
The Formation of Chinese Maritime Networks to Southern Asia, 1200–1450
Indian Ocean trade between China and South India, including Zheng He's voyages to Calicut.
Paper🏛 Library access
🇮🇳 Indian scholarship
The temple and the state in medieval South India
The temple as landholder, bank and seat of royal legitimacy under the Cholas and after.
Contemporaries
Powers that coexisted with the Tuluva Dynasty for a significant part of its history. The bar shows when, within its own span.
Sultanate of the Maldives ★
Islands · c. 1153 – 1968
Overlap: 65 years
Malla Dynasty of Nepal ★
Himalaya · 1201 – 1769
Overlap: 65 years
Delhi Sultanate ★
North · 1206 – 1526
Overlap: 21 years
Ahom Kingdom ★
Northeast · 1228 – 1826
Overlap: 65 years
Mewar (Sisodia) ★
West · 1326 – 1949
Overlap: 65 years
Vijayanagara Empire ★
South · 1336 – 1646
Overlap: 65 years
Bahmani Sultanate ★
Deccan · 1347 – 1527
Overlap: 22 years
Kingdom of Mysore ★
South · 1399 – 1950
Overlap: 65 years
Kingdom of Kandy ★
Sri Lanka · c. 1469 – 1815
Overlap: 65 years
Portuguese Estado da Índia ★
Coastal · 1505 – 1961
Overlap: 65 years
Mughal Empire ★
North · 1526 – 1857
Overlap: 44 years
Sur Empire ★
North · 1540 – 1556
Overlap: 16 years
Zamorins of Calicut
South · c. 1124 – 1766
Overlap: 65 years
Kachwahas of Amber (Jaipur)
West · c. 1128 – 1949
Overlap: 65 years
Jaffna Kingdom
Sri Lanka · c. 1215 – 1619
Overlap: 65 years
Marwar (Rathore)
West · c. 1226 – 1949
Overlap: 65 years
Kashmir Sultanate
North · 1339 – 1586
Overlap: 65 years
Samma Dynasty
Northwest · 1351 – 1524
Overlap: 19 years
Bengal Sultanate
East · 1352 – 1576
Overlap: 65 years
Malwa Sultanate
Central · 1392 – 1562
Overlap: 57 years
Gujarat Sultanate
West · 1407 – 1573
Overlap: 65 years
Kingdom of Kotte
Sri Lanka · 1412 – 1597
Overlap: 65 years
Gajapati Kingdom
East · 1434 – 1541
Overlap: 36 years
Ahmadnagar Sultanate (Nizam Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1636
Overlap: 65 years
Bijapur Sultanate (Adil Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1686
Overlap: 65 years
Berar Sultanate (Imad Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1574
Overlap: 65 years
Bidar Sultanate (Barid Shahi)
Deccan · 1492 – 1619
Overlap: 65 years
Portuguese Cochin
Coastal · 1503 – 1663
Overlap: 65 years
Koch Kingdom (Kamata / Cooch Behar)
Northeast · 1515 – 1949
Overlap: 55 years
Golconda Sultanate (Qutb Shahi)
Deccan · 1518 – 1687
Overlap: 52 years
Madurai Nayaks
South · 1529 – 1736
Overlap: 41 years
Portuguese Bassein & Bombay
Coastal · 1534 – 1739
Overlap: 36 years
Portuguese Diu
Coastal · 1535 – 1961
Overlap: 35 years