Textbook
Our Pasts I, II & III (Classes 6–8)
The simplest possible start: short, illustrated and the base of countless exam questions.
Portuguese Diu
Colonial settlement
Level 2
1535 – 1961
Island fortress obtained from the Gujarat Sultanate.
- Region
- Coastal
- Duration
- 426 years
- Main period
- European Maritime Powers
- Part of
- Portuguese Estado da Índia
Approximate extent.
📚 Recommended reading on the Portuguese Diu
Textbook
Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12)
Source-based chapters on Harappa, Vijayanagara, the Mughal court and 1857 — essential for UPSC.
Reference
The Marathas 1600–1818
How the Maratha state rose from Shivaji's swarajya to a subcontinental power.
Reference
A History of Assam
The classic history of Assam and the Ahom kingdom.
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📄 Research papers
Paper🏛 Library access
🇮🇳 Indian scholarship
Connected Histories: Notes towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia
Reads Mughal India as part of a connected early-modern world rather than an isolated civilisation.
Contemporaries
Powers that coexisted with the Portuguese Diu for a significant part of its history. The bar shows when, within its own span.
Sultanate of the Maldives ★
Islands · c. 1153 – 1968
Overlap: 426 years
Malla Dynasty of Nepal ★
Himalaya · 1201 – 1769
Overlap: 234 years
Ahom Kingdom ★
Northeast · 1228 – 1826
Overlap: 291 years
Mewar (Sisodia) ★
West · 1326 – 1949
Overlap: 414 years
Vijayanagara Empire ★
South · 1336 – 1646
Overlap: 111 years
Kingdom of Mysore ★
South · 1399 – 1950
Overlap: 415 years
Kingdom of Kandy ★
Sri Lanka · c. 1469 – 1815
Overlap: 280 years
Portuguese Estado da Índia ★
Coastal · 1505 – 1961
Overlap: 426 years
Mughal Empire ★
North · 1526 – 1857
Overlap: 322 years
British East India Company ★
Pan-Indian · 1600 – 1858
Overlap: 258 years
Maratha Empire ★
Deccan · 1674 – 1818
Overlap: 144 years
Nawabs of Bengal ★
East · 1717 – 1765
Overlap: 48 years
Hyderabad State (Nizams) ★
Deccan · 1724 – 1948
Overlap: 224 years
Sikh Empire ★
North · 1799 – 1849
Overlap: 50 years
Kingdom of Nepal ★
Himalaya · 1816 – 2008
Overlap: 145 years
British Raj (Crown Rule) ★
Pan-Indian · 1858 – 1947
Overlap: 89 years
Kingdom of Bhutan ★
Himalaya · 1907 – present
Overlap: 54 years
Zamorins of Calicut
South · c. 1124 – 1766
Overlap: 231 years
Kachwahas of Amber (Jaipur)
West · c. 1128 – 1949
Overlap: 414 years
Jaffna Kingdom
Sri Lanka · c. 1215 – 1619
Overlap: 84 years
Marwar (Rathore)
West · c. 1226 – 1949
Overlap: 414 years
Kashmir Sultanate
North · 1339 – 1586
Overlap: 51 years
Bengal Sultanate
East · 1352 – 1576
Overlap: 41 years
Malwa Sultanate
Central · 1392 – 1562
Overlap: 27 years
Gujarat Sultanate
West · 1407 – 1573
Overlap: 38 years
Kingdom of Kotte
Sri Lanka · 1412 – 1597
Overlap: 62 years
Ahmadnagar Sultanate (Nizam Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1636
Overlap: 101 years
Bijapur Sultanate (Adil Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1686
Overlap: 151 years
Berar Sultanate (Imad Shahi)
Deccan · 1490 – 1574
Overlap: 39 years
Bidar Sultanate (Barid Shahi)
Deccan · 1492 – 1619
Overlap: 84 years
Portuguese Cochin
Coastal · 1503 – 1663
Overlap: 128 years
Koch Kingdom (Kamata / Cooch Behar)
Northeast · 1515 – 1949
Overlap: 414 years
Golconda Sultanate (Qutb Shahi)
Deccan · 1518 – 1687
Overlap: 152 years
Madurai Nayaks
South · 1529 – 1736
Overlap: 201 years
Portuguese Bassein & Bombay
Coastal · 1534 – 1739
Overlap: 204 years
Portuguese Daman
Coastal · 1559 – 1961
Overlap: 402 years
Gorkha Kingdom
Himalaya · 1559 – 1768
Overlap: 209 years
Portuguese Hooghly
Coastal · 1579 – 1632
Overlap: 53 years
Portuguese Ceylon
Sri Lanka · 1597 – 1658
Overlap: 61 years
Dutch East India Company (VOC) in India
Coastal · 1605 – 1825
Overlap: 220 years