Textbook
Our Pasts I, II & III (Classes 6–8)
The simplest possible start: short, illustrated and the base of countless exam questions.
Nund Rishi (Sheikh Nooruddin)
Saint / religious leader
Kashmir Sultanate
1377 – 1438
Kashmiri Sufi saint of the Rishi order.
Their world
Move along the chart to see their age in any year, who ruled and what happened; click anything to open it.
The map shows Kashmir Sultanate around their lifetime and where the events of their lifetime took place.
Hover a dot for the event; click it to open the full map in that year.
Rulers of the time
Kujula Kadphises
Emperor, Kushan Empire · c. 30 CE – c. 80 CE
Vima Taktu
Emperor, Kushan Empire · c. 80 CE – c. 95 CE
Kanishka I
Emperor, Kushan Empire · c. 127 CE – c. 150 CE
Vasishthiputra Pulumavi
King, Satavahana Empire · c. 130 CE – c. 159 CE
Huvishka
Emperor, Kushan Empire · c. 150 CE – c. 190 CE
Yajna Sri Satakarni
King, Satavahana Empire · c. 170 CE – c. 199 CE
Vasudeva I
Emperor, Kushan Empire · c. 190 CE – c. 230 CE
Sri Gupta
Maharaja, Gupta Empire · c. 240 CE – c. 280 CE
Mahasena
King, Anuradhapura Kingdom · c. 274 CE – c. 301 CE
Ghatotkacha
Maharaja, Gupta Empire · c. 280 CE – c. 319 CE
Chandragupta I
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 319 CE – c. 335 CE
Samudragupta
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 335 CE – c. 375 CE
Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya)
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 375 CE – c. 415 CE
Kumaragupta I
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 415 CE – c. 455 CE
Skandagupta
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 455 CE – c. 467 CE
Dhatusena
King, Anuradhapura Kingdom · c. 455 CE – c. 473 CE
Budhagupta
Maharajadhiraja, Gupta Empire · c. 477 CE – c. 495 CE
Kashyapa I
King, Anuradhapura Kingdom · c. 477 CE – c. 495 CE
Pulakeshin I
King, Chalukyas of Badami · c. 543 CE – c. 566 CE
Kirtivarman I
King, Chalukyas of Badami · c. 566 CE – c. 597 CE
Simhavishnu
King, Pallava Dynasty · c. 575 CE – c. 600 CE
Prabhakaravardhana
King, Pushyabhuti (Vardhana) Dynasty · c. 580 CE – c. 605 CE
Mangalesha
King, Chalukyas of Badami · c. 597 CE – c. 609 CE
Mahendravarman I
King, Pallava Dynasty · c. 600 CE – c. 630 CE
Events in their lifetime
| 1378 | Vijayanagara annexes the Madurai Sultanate Kumara Kampana's campaign ended the Madurai Sultanate. |
| 1382 | Jayasthiti Malla's reforms in Nepal |
| 1398 | Timur sacks Delhi Delhi was devastated and the Tughlaq sultanate never recovered. |
| 1407 | Gujarat Sultanate becomes independent |
| 1411 | Ahmedabad founded |
| 1412 | Parakramabahu VI unifies Sri Lanka from Kotte |
| 1414 | Khizr Khan founds the Sayyid dynasty |
| 1420 | Nicolò de' Conti visits Vijayanagara |
Contemporaries
Sorted by how long their lives overlapped. The bar shows when, within Nund Rishi (Sheikh Nooruddin)’s life.
Nicolò de' Conti
Traveller / envoy · 1395 – 1469
Venetian merchant who visited Vijayanagara around 1420
Overlap: 43 years
Annamacharya
Artist / musician · c. 1408 – c. 1503
Telugu composer of devotional songs to Venkateswara
Overlap: 30 years
Mahmud Gawan
Statesman / administrator · 1411 – 1481
Bahmani prime minister who built a great madrasa at Bidar
Overlap: 27 years
Abdur Razzaq
Traveller / envoy · 1413 – 1482
Persian envoy who described Vijayanagara under Deva Raya II
Overlap: 25 years
Afanasy Nikitin
Traveller / envoy · died c. 1475
Russian merchant who described the Bahmani kingdom
Overlap: 23 years
Lal Ded (Lalleshwari)
Saint / religious leader · c. 1320 – c. 1392
Kashmiri mystic poet of the vakhs
Overlap: 15 years
📚 Recommended reading
Textbook
Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12)
Source-based chapters on Harappa, Vijayanagara, the Mughal court and 1857 — essential for UPSC.
Textbook
An Introduction to Indian Art, Part I (Class 11)
The standard base for art and architecture questions — stupas, temples and sculpture.
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