⛰ Mountains & hills · Northern and North-eastern Mountains
The Shiwalik
Maps show India’s boundaries as officially depicted by the Government of India. Rivers, ranges and regions are drawn from Natural Earth’s public-domain data and are approximate.
The outermost Himalayan range. The Bhabar belt runs parallel to the Shiwalik foothills, where streams drop their boulders. Geologists named the ancient Shiwalik or Indo-Brahma river after the range, whose continuous lake and river deposits support that idea.
📘 NCERT Class 11, India: Physical Environment, Ch. 2 (Structure and Physiography) ↗
How we check: every fact is written from NCERT Class 11, India: Physical Environment (chapters 1–3), and our build fails unless key phrases from each passage are found in the chapter’s own text. Lengths, heights and areas are given only as NCERT gives them. Shapes come from Natural Earth’s public-domain physical data; features with no reliable map data are described but not drawn.