Textbook
Our Pasts I, II & III (Classes 6–8)
The simplest possible start: short, illustrated and the base of countless exam questions.
Chera Perumals of Makotai
Kingdom
Level 2
c. 800 CE – c. 1124
Later Chera kingdom of Kerala.
- Capital
- Mahodayapuram
- Region
- South
- Duration
- 324 years
- Main period
- Chola & Major Southern Kingdoms
Approximate extent.
📚 Recommended reading on the Chera Perumals of Makotai
Textbook
Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12)
Source-based chapters on Harappa, Vijayanagara, the Mughal court and 1857 — essential for UPSC.
Textbook
An Introduction to Indian Art, Part I (Class 11)
The standard base for art and architecture questions — stupas, temples and sculpture.
Textbook
History of Medieval India
The go-to single volume on the Sultanate, Mughals and regional kingdoms.
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📄 Research papers
Paper🏛 Library access
🇮🇳 Indian scholarship
Political Processes and Structure of Polity in Early Medieval India: Problems of Perspective
Proposes 'integration' — the spread of state society into new regions — as the key to early medieval India.
Paper🏛 Library access
The Cosmopolitan Vernacular
How Kannada, Telugu and other regional languages became languages of kingship alongside Sanskrit.
Paper🏛 Library access
🇮🇳 Indian scholarship
Forms of Production and Forces of Change in Ancient Tamil Society
Pastoral, farming and coastal economies of the Sangam age and how they changed.
Paper🏛 Library access
🇮🇳 Indian scholarship
The temple and the state in medieval South India
The temple as landholder, bank and seat of royal legitimacy under the Cholas and after.
🕸 Connections 10 links
Explore connections full screen ↗Everything on YugMap linked to this page — and why. Hover a dot in the graph, or pick from the list.
🗂 Era 1
- Medieval IndiaPart of this era
⏳ Periods 1
- Chola & Major Southern KingdomsBelongs to this period
🏛 Kingdoms & empires 2
- Pallava Dynasty 275 CE – 897 CEExisted at the same time (97 years)
- Rashtrakuta Empire 753 CE – 982 CEExisted at the same time (182 years)
🔧 Technology 1
- Stepwells: Rani-ki-Vav 11th centuryMade or discovered in this time
📄 Research 3
- Political Processes and Structure of Polity in Early Medieval India: Problems o… B. D. Chattopadhyaya · 1985Research on this topic
- The Cosmopolitan Vernacular Sheldon Pollock · 1998Research on this topic
- Forms of Production and Forces of Change in Ancient Tamil Society Rajan Gurukkal · 1989Research on this topic
📚 Books 2
- Our Pasts I, II & III (Classes 6–8) NCERTRecommended reading
- Themes in Indian History, Parts I–III (Class 12) NCERTRecommended reading
Contemporaries
Powers that coexisted with the Chera Perumals of Makotai for a significant part of its history. The bar shows when, within its own span.
Anuradhapura Kingdom ★
Sri Lanka · c. 437 BCE – c. 1017
Overlap: 217 years
Pallava Dynasty ★
South · c. 275 CE – c. 897 CE
Overlap: 97 years
Chahamanas (Chauhans) of Shakambhari ★
West · c. 650 CE – c. 1194
Overlap: 324 years
Gurjara-Pratihara Empire ★
North · c. 730 CE – c. 1036
Overlap: 236 years
Pala Empire ★
East · c. 750 CE – c. 1161
Overlap: 324 years
Rashtrakuta Empire ★
Deccan · c. 753 CE – c. 982 CE
Overlap: 182 years
Chola Empire ★
South · c. 848 CE – 1279
Overlap: 276 years
Ghaznavid Empire ★
Northwest · c. 977 CE – c. 1186
Overlap: 147 years
Polonnaruwa Kingdom ★
Sri Lanka · c. 1070 – 1232
Overlap: 54 years
Western Ganga Dynasty
South · c. 350 CE – c. 1000
Overlap: 200 years
Kamarupa
Northeast · c. 350 CE – c. 1140
Overlap: 324 years
Pandya Kingdom (First Empire)
South · c. 590 CE – c. 920 CE
Overlap: 120 years
Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi
Deccan · c. 624 CE – c. 1075
Overlap: 275 years
Karkota Dynasty of Kashmir
North · c. 625 CE – c. 855 CE
Overlap: 55 years
Kalachuris of Tripuri
Central · c. 675 CE – 1212
Overlap: 324 years
Guhilas of Medapata
West · c. 728 CE – 1303
Overlap: 324 years
Tomaras of Delhi
North · c. 736 CE – c. 1152
Overlap: 324 years
Abbasid Caliphate — Sindh province
Northwest · c. 750 CE – c. 854 CE
Overlap: 54 years
Thakuri Kingdom of Nepal
Himalaya · c. 750 CE – 1200
Overlap: 324 years
Paramara Dynasty
Central · c. 800 CE – 1305
Overlap: 324 years
Hindu Shahis
Northwest · c. 822 CE – c. 1026
Overlap: 204 years
Chandela Dynasty
Central · c. 831 CE – 1315
Overlap: 293 years
Habbarid Emirate
Northwest · c. 854 CE – c. 1011
Overlap: 157 years
Utpala Dynasty of Kashmir
North · c. 855 CE – c. 1003
Overlap: 148 years
Chaulukyas (Solankis) of Gujarat
West · c. 940 CE – 1244
Overlap: 184 years
Western Chalukyas of Kalyani
Deccan · c. 973 CE – c. 1189
Overlap: 151 years
Lohara Dynasty of Kashmir
North · c. 1003 – c. 1171
Overlap: 121 years
Hoysala Empire
South · c. 1026 – 1343
Overlap: 98 years
Soomra Dynasty
Northwest · c. 1026 – 1351
Overlap: 98 years
Sena Dynasty
East · c. 1070 – 1230
Overlap: 54 years
Eastern Ganga Dynasty
East · c. 1078 – 1434
Overlap: 46 years
Gahadavala Dynasty
Gangetic Plain · c. 1089 – c. 1197
Overlap: 35 years